12AM / Evidence library

Inspect the evidence.
Understand the method.

Explore the research, redacted Diagnostic samples, and measurement approach behind the work. Each example keeps its context and limits.

The work your firm wants

Being seen is the start.
Being considered for the right case is the goal.

01 / Your priorities

Which matters fit your firm?

Shape the questions around the practices, clients, and markets you want to grow.

02 / Your time

Who keeps the work moving?

Agree on responsibilities across your firm, 12AM, and your existing providers.

03 / Your return

What becomes a real opportunity?

Read visibility alongside inquiry quality and signed matters, wherever tracking and intake data allow.

02 / The 12AM Signal Map

An explanation of the work beneath the answer

One question.
A network of evidence.

Your website is one source. Profiles, reviews, legal directories, and independent coverage add context. We examine how that record represents your firm.

Buyer intent

“Who handles
complex estate
planning in Dallas?”

Practice fitCredentialsLocation
Firm A
Firm B
Firm C
Entities & context
Illustrative AI answerShortlist formed
01Firm APractice fit · local relevance
02Firm BCredentials · independent proof
03Firm CReviews · market context
Will your firm be in the answer?
Observed outcomes vary. Never a guarantee.
01 / Your website

Service pages, attorney bios, and client questions establish the record your firm publishes.

These six source families contain the 16 signals 12AM reviews in the Diagnostic. This is an illustrative pathway — not an engine trace, ranking formula, or live audit.

What 12AM actually scores

16 signals · proprietary weighting model

AI visibility is not one trick.
It is the strength of the evidence around your firm.

12AM reviews sixteen signals across three evidence layers: what you publish, the profiles you control, and what independent sources say about you. We publish what we evaluate; the weighting model and scoring logic remain proprietary to 12AM.

Your WebsiteFirst-party evidence
  1. 01
    Business identitySame name, category and location everywhere
    —
  2. 02
    Machine readabilityCan crawlers reach and parse it
    —
  3. 03
    Service & market coverageA page per service, per market
    —
  4. 04
    Answers to buyer questionsDirect answers to what clients ask
    —
  5. 05
    Reason to choose youWhy you, not a competitor
    —
  6. 06
    Proof & credentialsBios, results, credentials, methodology
    —
Profiles You ControlControlled profiles
  1. 07
    Google Business ProfileComplete, categorized, maintained
    —
  2. 08
    Listings you submitAccurate across aggregators
    —
  3. 09
    Video & social publishingYouTube transcripts and posting cadence
    —
  4. 10
    Social profile accuracyFilled in, consistent and current
    —
What Others SayIndependent evidence
  1. 11
    Third-party citationsIndependent domains that mention you
    —
  2. 12
    Reviews & referencesVolume, recency and who vouches for you
    —
  3. 13
    AccreditationBodies that certified or rated you
    —
  4. 14
    Press & mentionsPublications that chose to cover you
    —
  5. 15
    Community & forum presenceOnline forums and offline work that leave a trace
    —
  6. 16
    Directory standingWhere you rank inside those directories
    —

Bigger does not automatically mean more visible to AI. Large firms often have more evidence because scale creates more reviews, mentions and coverage. But evidence can be built deliberately.

Signal-density bands in the Diagnostic are descriptive observations, not proven thresholds. Scoring weights are 12AM's stated method.

The four levels of AI visibility

Known vs. chosen

Two are about being known.
Two are about being chosen.

The important line is between a buyer who already knows your name and an AI system that surfaces you without being asked.

01

Invisible

Ask by name and AI cannot reliably identify who you are.

Fails the machine gate
02

Findable

Ask by name and AI answers — but it does not volunteer your firm.

Passes the branded test
03

Named

AI brings your firm up when the buyer never mentioned your name.

Appears unprompted
The commercial opportunity begins when AI starts surfacing your firm without the buyer asking for you by name.

12AM AI Visibility Dashboard

Powered by Cognizo technology · Directed by 12AM methodology

See how AI platforms view your firm.
Then know what to do next.

Use the 12AM AI Visibility Dashboard to track where your firm appears, which competitors get named, and which sources AI cites. Choose a DIY subscription for your own team, or work with 12AM on strategy and execution.

Track major AI platforms, with coverage based on your plan See which buyer questions matter most Spot missing evidence and competitor advantages Use it yourself or add 12AM strategy and execution

Technology is white-labeled for 12AM clients. Strategy, interpretation, legal-market prioritization, and implementation remain 12AM’s work.

Visibility by engineIllustrative
ChatGPT—
Gemini—
Claude—
Perplexity—
Buyer questions tracked 50 per Diagnostic baseline
Competitors surfaced 3–5 typical answer set
Movement to watch Named → Recommended the line that matters
What the dashboard is for Measure so the next move is evidence-based

Two ways to use it

Your team runs it.
Or ours does.

DIY dashboard

Keep the controls.

Your team monitors the questions, competitors and sources. 12AM configures the dashboard and supports your access. You decide what to change.

View DIY plans on CounselIndex Signal and Signal Pro dashboard subscriptions.
Separate from the CounselIndex index Monitor.
Managed by 12AM

Put us on the work.

Start with the free scan. If the findings warrant it, move into a Diagnostic and a scoped plan for 12AM strategy and execution.

Start with the free scan Scope follows the evidence.
Managed service is a separate engagement.

CounselIndex.ai

Law-firm AI visibility, measured in public

We do not guess who AI is surfacing.
We measure the category in public.

CounselIndex tracks how U.S. law firms appear in AI answers across markets and practice areas. It gives 12AM a public observation layer for what “visible,” “named,” and “recommended” actually look like in the legal category.

127,000+U.S. law firms indexed
51jurisdictions observed
2.1%appeared in an earlier research snapshot

Index size updated September 2026. The 2.1% rate comes from the prior snapshot; it is not a verified rate for the expanded index.

Indexing is only the start.

A directory record does not establish whether AI names or recommends a firm. That requires observing the answers.

Findable is not the same as recommended.

A firm can be searchable by name and still never be surfaced when the buyer asks who to hire.

Market context matters.

The gap often follows geography, evidence, and local authority — not just practice-area relevance.

How firms start with 12AM

Scan → Diagnose → Build

Start with the scan.
Pay for the diagnosis only if there is a gap worth understanding.

01

AI Visibility Scan

Free

Your branded vs. non-branded visibility and an initial look at competitors. Share your firm details, then book a 30-minute review of the findings.

Get My Free Scan ↗
02

AI Visibility Diagnostic

Paid Diagnostic

Why you are there, which of the sixteen signals are weak, and what to fix first. About two weeks. One practice area, one market. Scope and pricing are confirmed before the engagement begins.

See the Diagnostic ↓
03

Choose your NOVA package

Recommended after diagnosis

NOVA Foundation, NOVA Signal, or NOVA Authority. We recommend the level against your Diagnostic roadmap. Signal and Authority include a one-hour Brand Review after enrollment.

Compare the three packages ↗

01 / Original research

ChatGPT · July 27–30, 2026

We wanted to know
who gets named.
So we measured.

We recorded which firms ChatGPT named across U.S. legal markets. In the paired family-law test, a change in wording often changed the shortlist.

Read the published research
332U.S. legal markets
748Recorded ChatGPT runs
13,053Practice-matched firms
31.2%Paired markets with no shared firms

72 of 231 family-law markets shared no firms across two same-day prompt phrasings. 748 runs recorded; 744 usable. One engine, four days. These observations do not establish future results or behavior on other engines.

03 / Visibility is not selection

Known by name.
Mentioned. Recommended.

Three different observations. We separate the question that already names your firm from the one a new client would ask.

01 / Branded prompt

“Tell me about
Smith & Jones.”

Illustrative answer

Smith & Jones is a law firm serving clients in Dallas.

Known by name

The buyer supplied the name. This tests whether the engine can identify the firm.

02 / Unbranded prompt

“Which Dallas firms
handle estate planning?”

Illustrative answer

Several firms handle this work, including Smith & Jones.

Mentioned unprompted

The firm appears without the buyer naming it. A mention alone does not establish an endorsement.

Fictional firm and illustrative answers. These are definitions, not measured results or a claim about a real law firm.

04 / Go deeper after the free scan

The paid AI Visibility Diagnostic

Before we tell you what to change,
we establish what is true.

If the free scan shows a meaningful gap, the paid Diagnostic establishes the full baseline: your firm, your market, the evidence behind the gap, and a plan for what to do next.

Paid DiagnosticConsulting engagement.
No retainer required.

If the free scan shows a meaningful gap, we confirm scope, pricing, and any implementation credit before the Diagnostic begins.

Start With the Free Scan
50 Buying questions16 Scored signals90 Day roadmap

One practice area. One market. About two weeks after access and intake. A written report and a strategist readout, yours to keep.

Questions about the engagement?
12AM / INTELLIGENCEActual report findings

The recommendation gap

Who gets the answer
when you don’t?

One firm. Fifty buying questions.
A measurable gap in who AI names.

45/ 50
Questions where AI
names another firm
90% of the question panel
14/ 50
Questions where the
client isn’t named at all
28% of the question panel

See exactly where you’re missing.Then inspect the competitors and questions behind the gap.

Findings from the redacted sample. These counts can overlap; they are not separate shares of one total.

See who gets named instead.Fifty buying questions. The firms ahead. The distance to close.

Visual summaries of actual redacted report pages. Open the originals to inspect the evidence. The proprietary weighting model stays inside the client Diagnostic.

Your report. Your decision.

Use the roadmap with your team, your current agency, or 12AM.

Diagnostic sample

Redacted Diagnostic sample

07 / Measured work

The numbers, with their context

Show the return.
Show what drove it.

For one multi-location B2B services client, NOVA Foundation and paid media were associated with $175,133 in traced revenue. The NOVA Foundation engagement returned 30.0×; combined return across the two channels was 8.4×.

May 15–July 31, 2026. Three U.S. metros. Revenue from the client’s booking records. This is a B2B services result, not a law-firm case study.

Historical measured return8.4×Return on total spend
NOVA Foundation return 30.0×Traced revenue $175,133

One paid-media job contributed $88,919 of the traced revenue. That concentration matters. Historical pricing and scope differ from current 12AM offers. This result is not a forecast for your firm or evidence that AI recommendations caused the revenue.

05 / What we change

A clear brand.
A credible record.
A reason to choose.

Your positioning tells people what makes your firm different. Your public record needs to support it. We connect brand strategy with the work that makes those facts easier to find and verify.

Our work in Generative Engine Optimization (GEO) brings research, brand strategy, search, and digital systems into one plan.

01 Brand & entity clarity

Define whom you serve, why your approach matters, and what proves it. Align that story across your site, attorney bios, and public profiles.

02 Search & technical access

Inspect crawl access, site structure, schema, and content coverage. Prioritize the defects that prevent useful information from being found or understood.

03 Independent corroboration

Identify relevant directory profiles, editorial opportunities, and third-party sources. Prepare accurate evidence and pursue inclusion where the firm qualifies.

04 Local presence & reviews

Maintain accurate business information and a consistent review request process. Make practice areas, locations, and credentials clear.

05 Content & digital experience

Answer the questions clients actually ask. Build useful service pages, websites, applications, and conversion paths that support a decision to contact your firm.

06 Measurement & refinement

Re-run the agreed prompt set. Track citations, mentions, and recommendations separately. Adjust the plan against observed results.

After the Diagnostic. After enrollment.

Before we create content, we learn what your firm should be known for.

NOVA Signal and NOVA Authority include a one-hour Brand Review after enrollment. You share your priorities, experience, and perspective. After the session, our team develops your Brand Signal Playbook to guide positioning, messaging, voice, and content decisions.

See the playbook examples
Included with Signal & Authority
  • Positioning & audience Who you serve, what matters to them, and what distinguishes your firm.
  • Messages & evidence What supports each claim and what still needs confirmation.
  • Voice & publication rules Writing examples, consistent identity details, and approval checks.

Your Brand Signal Playbook. A shared reference for the people creating your pages, profiles, articles, and videos.

06 / Evidence before certainty

Seven instruments.
Evidence you can inspect.

We name the instruments, preserve the prompt set, and document what each observation can support.

Inspect the published method
Inside the evidence

A finding you can trace.

A visibility claim should lead back to a question and a recorded observation. Here is one buyer scenario from our redacted Diagnostic sample.

  1. Start with buyer context.A specific need, rather than a broad keyword.
  2. Read the comparison.See the figures printed in the source report.
  3. Keep the limits visible.A naming gap does not explain its cause.
12AM AgencyRedacted Diagnostic · The Gap
First run:
Buyer scenario · excerpt from sample
“Twelve rental units through a patchwork of LLCs, and a new lawsuit exposed gaps”

Comparison figures as printed in the sample report

Sample firm12.5%
Competitor B100%
What this finding supports

The report records a naming gap for this buyer scenario. The comparison does not establish an endorsement, explain the cause, or predict future answers.

One buyer scenario. A recorded gap. The source page behind it.Figures and first-run date come from the existing redacted sample. Firm names are anonymized.

This report extract summarizes findings. It does not include engine-level answer transcripts or citation URLs. Those details cannot be independently checked from this extract alone.

See the seven measurement instruments
  1. 01

    Intake scan

    The starting view of your visibility and competitors.

  2. 02

    Tracking panel

    Agreed buying questions, frozen for comparable remeasurement.

  3. 03

    Deep research pass

    Evidence gathered independently of the tracking-panel results.

  4. 04

    Retrieval map

    The source pages surfaced on commercially relevant questions.

  5. 05

    Four-engine naming test

    Identical questions, with mentions and recommendations recorded separately.

  6. 06

    Link & content forensics

    Underlying exports for backlinks, content gaps, and organic search.

  7. 07

    Direct inspection

    Crawler access, page markup, profiles, and credential verification.

What we will not claim

No guaranteed recommendations.

No score without its method.

No citation treated as proof of selection.

We guarantee the agreed work and measurement. AI systems and third parties control their own decisions.

The source behind the finding.

Original redacted Gap report. The first row under the six widest gaps lists the rental-unit buyer scenario, with the sample firm at 12.5 percent and Competitor B at 100 percent. The report states a first run of 26 August 2026.

The preview reproduces the first buyer scenario in the table headed “The six widest gaps on the panel.” These are figures from this sample, not a forecast. This page does not include underlying AI answer transcripts or citation URLs.

Measured client result

NOVA Foundation + paid media · May 15–July 31, 2026

30.0× return on a NOVA Foundation engagement.
Proof that strategy and execution can turn visibility into revenue.

One multi-location B2B services client traced $74,951 in revenue to its NOVA Foundation engagement. Paid media was measured separately at 5.4×. Combined return across the two channels was 8.4×.

Historical B2B services engagement. Revenue came from the client’s own booking records. Pricing and scope differ from current 12AM offers. One paid-media job materially affected the combined result. This is not a law-firm case study or a forecast.

30.0×Return on NOVA Foundation engagementHistorical client result
$74,951Revenue traced to NOVA FoundationClient booking records
8.4×Return across NOVA + paid mediaHistorical engagement

07 / Enterprise experience. Applied to law firms.

Independent thinking since 2014

Engineering. Brand.
Business judgment.

12AM was founded in April 2014. Search has changed, and our work has evolved with it. The disciplines remain: understand the business, examine the evidence, and execute.

Robert Portillo

Founder & Co-CEO

Electrical engineering at Texas A&M. Eighteen years in corporate telecom. Brings a systems perspective to search, measurement, and growth.

Prior experience: Nokia

Brad McCormick

Chief Talent & Strategy Officer

Brand and digital strategy experience spanning more than two decades. Teaches digital marketing at Southern Methodist University.

Prior client work: LEGO · McDonald’s

Christopher Lee

Co-CEO

Three decades of entrepreneurial experience. Connects brand strategy, communications, and the practical decisions that sustain client relationships.

Prior client work: Midsouth Ford Dealers

The companies listed reflect individual leadership experience, not 12AM Agency client engagements.

Read the leadership bios
Research in public

CounselIndex

We operate a public index documenting which law firms AI assistants name. Records carry the question, market, and date.

Built and operated by 12AM Agency. Our research asset, not independent third-party endorsement.

Explore the index

Start with the free scan.

Before you invest in AI visibility,
see whether there is a gap worth fixing.

Start With the Free Scan Firm details → review booking → next steps.
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